Quiz 2025 High Hit-Rate SPI: Valid Sonography Principles and Instrumentation Exam Format

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ARDMS SPI Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Perform Ultrasound Examinations: This topic discusses patient care, sonographic ergonomic techniques, echogenicity, reverberation, and potential bioeffects. It also discusses beam steering concepts, panoramic imaging, 3D 4D concepts, and contrast imaging concepts.
Topic 2	Provide Clinical Safety & Quality Assurance: This topic covers universal infection control protocols, QA check on ultrasound machine, transducer integrity, ultrasound machine integrity, and statistical parameter concepts.
Topic 3	Apply Doppler Concepts: It discusses Doppler wall filter concepts, Doppler sample gate concepts, y color priority over gray scale concepts, and concepts related to color Doppler map. Furthermore, it discusses concepts to eliminate aliasing, continuous wave Doppler concepts, and color Doppler scale concepts.
Topic 4	Manage Ultrasound Transducers: It delves into 2D array transducer concepts, 3D 4D transducer concepts, and nonimaging transducer concepts.
Topic 5	Optimize Sonographic Images: The topic focuses on optimization of axial resolution concepts, optimization of lateral resolution concepts, optimization of elevational resolution concepts, optimization of temporal resolution concepts, and magnification techniques.

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ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation Sample Questions (Q35-Q40):

NEW QUESTION # 35
What is effected by increasing the color scale?

A. The color priority decreases
B. The Nyquist limit is increased
C. The color box width decreases
D. More colors are displayed

Answer: B

Explanation:
The Nyquist limit, which is the maximum detectable velocity before aliasing occurs, is directly related to the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Increasing the color scale on the ultrasound machine effectively increases the PRF. When the PRF is increased, the Nyquist limit is also increased, allowing for the measurement of higher velocities without aliasing.
ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation guidelines
Kremkau, F. W. (2015). Diagnostic Ultrasound: Principles and Instruments. Elsevier.

NEW QUESTION # 36
Which adjustment was made to change image A to produce image B?
A close-up of an ultrasound Description automatically generated

A. Decreased overall gain
B. Increased overall gain
C. Decreased dynamic range
D. Increased dynamic range

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
In Image B, compared to Image A, you can observe a higher contrast image with darker darks and brighter brights, indicating that dynamic range has been reduced. Decreasing dynamic range results in less grey scale, creating a more black-and-white appearance and emphasizing contrast differences.
According to sonography instrumentation reference:
"Reducing dynamic range increases image contrast by narrowing the range of displayed echo intensities, making the image appear more black and white." Therefore, the correct answer is D: Decreased dynamic range.
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NEW QUESTION # 37
Which adjustment will reduce the appearance of posterior shadowing artifact?

A. Decreasing dynamic range
B. Increasing spatial compounding
C. Increasing persistence
D. Decreasing the number of focal zones

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Spatial compounding uses multiple scan angles to create an image. By combining information from different angles, it can reduce shadowing artifacts caused by highly attenuating structures.
According to sonography instrumentation reference:
"Spatial compounding reduces artifacts such as posterior shadowing by averaging images acquired from multiple insonation angles." Therefore, the correct answer is A: Increasing spatial compounding.
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NEW QUESTION # 38
What combination of transmitting frequency and depth produces the greatest ultrasound beam attenuation?

A. 5 MHz at 5 cm
B. 7.5 MHz at 5 cm
C. 7.5 MHz at 2 cm
D. 5 MHz at 2 cm

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Attenuation increases with both frequency and depth. The highest attenuation occurs at the highest frequency and greatest depth. 7.5 MHz attenuates faster than 5 MHz, and 5 cm represents deeper tissue penetration.
Principles and Instrumentation state:
"Attenuation is directly proportional to frequency and path length: Attenuation = Frequency × Depth × Attenuation Coefficient." Therefore, the correct answer is D: 7.5 MHz at 5 cm.
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NEW QUESTION # 39
What is the most effective way to reduce aliasing on color Doppler?

A. Increase wall filter
B. Decrease wall filter
C. Decrease pulse repetition frequency (PRF)
D. Increase pulse repetition frequency (PRF)

Answer: D

Explanation:
Aliasing in color Doppler occurs when the velocity of blood flow exceeds the Nyquist limit, which is half the PRF. To reduce aliasing, the PRF must be increased. This raises the Nyquist limit, allowing higher velocities to be measured without wrapping around the baseline. Increasing PRF reduces the occurrence of aliasing artifacts by expanding the range of detectable velocities before aliasing occurs.
References:
ARDMS Sonography Principles & Instrumentation Guidelines
Kremkau FW. Sonography Principles and Instruments. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

NEW QUESTION # 40
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