ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor復習教材、ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor関連受験参考書

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PECB ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	Closing an ISO 45001 audit: This section of the exam measures the skills of Audit Consultants and covers the procedures for concluding an ISO 45001 audit. It emphasizes reporting results, discussing findings with stakeholders, and ensuring follow-up actions are planned.
トピック 2	Domain 4: Preparing for an ISO 45001 audit: This section of the exam measures the skills of Audit Consultants and covers the preparation process for conducting an ISO 45001 audit. It emphasizes planning, resource allocation, and establishing audit objectives to ensure a thorough evaluation.
トピック 3	Conducting an ISO 45001 audit: This section of the exam measures the skills of Lead Auditors and covers the execution of an ISO 45001 audit. It focuses on gathering evidence, interviewing personnel, and assessing compliance with OHSMS requirements during the audit process.
トピック 4	Fundamental principles and concepts of an occupational health and safety management system: This section of the exam measures the skills of Health and Safety Managers and covers the essential principles and concepts underlying an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS). It focuses on understanding the framework for managing health and safety risks to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. One skill to be measured is identifying key components of an effective OHSMS.
トピック 5	ISO 45001 requirements for an OH&S MS – Clauses 4 to 10: This section of the exam measures the skills of Auditors related to specific requirements outlined in ISO 45001 about occupational health and safety management systems. It emphasizes understanding clauses that address context, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation, and improvement. A skill to be measured is applying ISO 45001 requirements to organizational practices.

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PECB Certified ISO 45001 Lead Auditor Exam 認定 ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor 試験問題 (Q11-Q16):

質問 # 11
You identify that the OSHMS manager conducts a safety inspection of the building each day before the museum opens to the public. You review your latest report and note that there seems to be some confusion between what constitutes a hazard and what constitutes a risk.
Which three of the following observations has the OHSMS manager correctly rated?

A. The emergency light In the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk)
B. The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years [Risk)
C. The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk)
D. The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk)
E. There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger)
F. Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard)
G. The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk)
H. There Is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator In the visitors' restaurant (Hazard)

正解：A、B、D

解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit References
* Hazard: A potential source of harm or adverse health effects.
* Risk: The likelihood of harm occurring as a result of the hazard.
* Danger: An immediate threat that requires urgent action.
Analysis of Options:
* A. Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard):Correctly identified as a hazard since it poses a potential risk during emergencies.
* B. The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a source of potential harm.
* C. The emergency light in the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk):This is a hazard because it is a condition that could lead to a risk during emergencies.
* D. The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years (Risk):Correctly identified as a risk because the likelihood of fire-related harm increases without proper servicing.
* E. The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a potential source of harm.
* F. The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk.
* G. There is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator in the visitors' restaurant (Hazard):This is a risk because it specifies the likelihood of harm occurring (selling unfit food).
* H. There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger):Correctly identified as a danger because it represents an immediate and critical threat.
ISO References:
* Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities.

質問 # 12
On behalf of a certification body, you are conducting a combined audit of Shelf-Fit. The organization designs, manufacturing install interiors for retail stores. They employ subcontractors for the installation work.
Representing the ISO 45001 audit, you ask the Purchase Manager about the identification of health and safety hazards for contractors on site. Having previously reviewed the hazards list (HZD-21/11 Rev.3), you found that various health and safety hazards were listed but not were associated with contractor working on-site.
When you ask about the use of contractors, the response is, ''We know that contractors use chemicals, such as glues, paints and vanishes. We trust them since they know more than we do about the safe handling of such issues''. The auditor made the same enquiry to an accompanying member of the health and safety team and was told that chemical safety had never been a problem with the installation process.

A. The internal audit programme does not include installation sites. The audit programme does not cover the full OHS management system (Clause 9.2.2)
B. Some safety data sheets for chemical used were missing for some of the installation contractors.(clause 8.1.4.2)
C. The purchase manager confirmed that the safe use of chemicals in installation work was left to the contractor
D. Staff indicated that chemical hazards on installation sites are the same as at the factory. The hazard List does not reference this. (Clause 6.1.2.2)
E. There was not communication between the organization and site contractors (7.4.1.c.2)
F. No hazard assessment by Shelf-Fit were in place for installation works on customer sites. (Clause 6.1.2.2)
G. After gathering more evidence, you note down findings against several clauses of ISO 45001. Select three options to determine which findings stated are major nonconformities.
H. The organization failed to include its OH&S policy in contracts for installation contractors (5.2.f)
I. The organization did not have a documented process in place to control outsourced work. (8.1.4.3)

正解：D、E、I

解説：
Major nonconformities are raised when there is a systemic failure to meet ISO 45001 requirements that could lead to significant risks.
Analysis of Options:
B . Lack of a documented process for controlling outsourced work (8.1.4.3):
Major nonconformity. A failure to control outsourced work is a serious systemic issue.
C . Failure to include OH&S policy in contractor contracts (5.2.f):
Not a major nonconformity. While this is a nonconformity, it is procedural and not critical.
D . No hazard assessment for installation works (6.1.2.2):
Major nonconformity. A lack of hazard assessment for site-specific tasks is a serious issue.
E . Missing safety data sheets for contractor chemicals (8.1.4.2):
Not a major nonconformity. While important, this issue does not indicate systemic failure.
G . Chemical hazards on installation sites not referenced in the hazard list (6.1.2.2):
Major nonconformity. This reflects a failure in hazard identification and risk assessment.
H . Internal audit program does not cover installation sites (9.2.2):
Not a major nonconformity. This is a gap in auditing scope but does not directly endanger safety.
I . Safe use of chemicals left to contractors:
Not a major nonconformity. This could be addressed through improved contractor oversight rather than indicating systemic failure.
ISO Reference:
Clause 8.1.4.3: Control of outsourced processes.
Clause 6.1.2.2: Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Clause 7.4.1: Communication requirements.

質問 # 13
Showitoff is an organization specialization in the design and production of wall decorating materials for the domestic market.
During an ISO 45001 certification audit of the site, the auditor comes across an open, walled area just outside the maintenance department. It contains various scraps of wood and metal as well as serveral rusty components. Several heavy concrete beams are learning against a thin brick wall in which cracks are available. When asked about it, the OHS Manager states that he presumes that the materials come from maintenance work, so it is the Maintenance Manager's responsibility.
The auditor interview the Maintenance Manager in his department. He asks about the area outside and is told that it contains some excess material that the Manager likes to keep in case they come in handy at some stage. The auditor points out that the wall appears to be unstable and could collapse at any moment. The Maintenance Manager is not aware of such a situation.
Wash-it-up is an organization that provides window cleaning services for the industrial sector. It has been certified to ISO 45001 for some time and has appointed a new OHS Manager. The auditor asks to see the most recent management review meeting minutes.
Which three statement would represent input audit evidence for the management review?

A. Report showing the trend of on increase in safety incidents
B. Updates to the risk register
C. Allocation of a bigger budget for the OHS department
D. Procurement of new safety harnesses for workers
E. Decisions related to continual Improvement opportunities
F. Worker feedback of positive and negative comments
G. Proposal to priorities health and safety issues as a business strategy
H. Decisions on Improvements in the OHSMS

正解：A、B、F

解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Clause 9.3 of ISO 45001:2018 defines inputs for management review, which must include information on performance trends, feedback, risks, and opportunities for improvement.
Analysis of Options:
A . Allocation of a bigger budget for the OHS department:
This is an output of management review, not an input.
B . Decisions on improvements in the OHSMS:
This is an output, not an input.
C . Decisions related to continual improvement opportunities:
This is an output, not an input.
D . Procurement of new safety harnesses for workers:
This is an operational action, not an input for management review.
E . Proposal to prioritize health and safety issues as a business strategy:
Proposals may be discussed during review, but they are outputs.
F . Report showing the trend of an increase in safety incidents:
Correct. This is a valid input that informs system performance.
G . Updates to the risk register:
Correct. Risk updates are required inputs under Clause 6.1.2.
H . Worker feedback of positive and negative comments:
Correct. Feedback is an essential input per Clause 5.4 and Clause 9.3.
ISO Reference:
Clause 9.3: Management review inputs.
Clause 5.4: Worker consultation and participation.

質問 # 14
You are conducting an ISO 45001 audit of Widgets Inc.., an organization manufacturing machine parts for the aerospace industry, You find a short entry in the incident report file connecting a machine operator who suffered minor injury to his face four weeks ago when a small ribbon of metal hit him while operating his machine.
The subsequent investigation found that he was not wearing the required protective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). He was subject to disciplinary action and warned that he would lose his job if it happened again.
Select two option of points of investigation which you would consider in order to determine conformity or nonconformity with clause 10.2 of ISO 45001.

A. Find out when the operator's machine was last subject to a maintenance programme.
B. Interview the operator to check if the was wearing the correct PPE.
C. find out whether the operator was sent to the hospital.
D. Check whether any corrective actions were taken to eliminate or reduce the risk of recurrence of the Incident.
E. Determine whether the Health and Safety Authority was notified of the incident
F. Establish whether the Incident Investigation determined the root cause of the Incident

正解：D、F

解説：
Clause 10.2 of ISO 45001 requires organizations to investigate incidents, determine root causes, and implement corrective actions to prevent recurrence.
Analysis of Options:
A . Check whether corrective actions were taken.
This directly relates to the requirement to implement corrective actions to address the identified risks and hazards. Failure to do so would indicate nonconformity.
B . Determine whether the Health and Safety Authority was notified.
Notification is a legal requirement in certain jurisdictions, but it is not explicitly required under ISO 45001 unless the legal context demands it.
C . Establish whether the root cause was determined.
Root cause analysis is fundamental for effective corrective action. Without this, corrective measures may not address the underlying problem.
D . Find out when the operator's machine was last subject to maintenance.
While maintenance is important, it does not directly address the incident's nonconformity.
E . Find out whether the operator was sent to the hospital.
Sending the operator to the hospital is a reactive step and not relevant to compliance with Clause 10.2.
F . Interview the operator about PPE usage.
This is relevant but insufficient for determining compliance with Clause 10.2.
ISO Reference:
Clause 10.2: Investigation of incidents, determination of causes, and implementation of corrective actions.
Clause 8.1.2: Hierarchy of controls and risk reduction.

質問 # 15
An audit team member assigned to audit the management review and planning processes prepares a work document.
What is the name of the document prepared by the auditor?

A. Audit plan
B. Audit report
C. Audit checklist
D. Audit nonconformity report

正解：C

質問 # 16
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